EP0854939B1 - Reinforcing component of which the basic material is austenitic cast iron - Google Patents

Reinforcing component of which the basic material is austenitic cast iron Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0854939B1
EP0854939B1 EP96945137A EP96945137A EP0854939B1 EP 0854939 B1 EP0854939 B1 EP 0854939B1 EP 96945137 A EP96945137 A EP 96945137A EP 96945137 A EP96945137 A EP 96945137A EP 0854939 B1 EP0854939 B1 EP 0854939B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
austenitic
reinforcement part
ledeburitic
remelting
cast iron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96945137A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0854939A2 (en
Inventor
Birgit Hudelmaier
Dieter MÜLLER-SCHWELLING
Detlef Schlosser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle GmbH filed Critical Mahle GmbH
Publication of EP0854939A2 publication Critical patent/EP0854939A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0854939B1 publication Critical patent/EP0854939B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
    • F05C2251/042—Expansivity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
    • Y10S148/902—Metal treatment having portions of differing metallurgical properties or characteristics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
    • Y10S148/902—Metal treatment having portions of differing metallurgical properties or characteristics
    • Y10S148/903—Directly treated with high energy electromagnetic waves or particles, e.g. laser, electron beam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y10T29/49256—Piston making with assembly or composite article making
    • Y10T29/49261—Piston making with assembly or composite article making by composite casting or molding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12757—Fe

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reinforcement part, the base material is austenitic cast iron and that is intermetallic with a motor part made of an aluminum-based alloy, in particular a piston is connected.
  • Generic Reinforcement parts are used especially as ring girders, occasionally also as trough edge protection for aluminum pistons for diesel engines use.
  • connection of the - mostly consisting of austenitic GGL - Reinforcement part with the piston material is with the Alfin process known in the prior art since approx. 1950 made by pouring the reinforcement part before overmolding with the piston material immersed in an AlSi melt is, with on the surface of the reinforcement part intermetallic layer.
  • the disadvantage of this solution is the move away from one for a long time proven ring carrier material, the poorer machinability, lower thermal conductivity and the slightly worse Wear resistance of the GGG compared to the GGL ring carrier material.
  • the GGG material is also something more expensive than the GGL material.
  • the invention is therefore concerned with the problem of the generic reinforcement parts the strength and Reproducibility of the intermetallic bond independent whether the base material used is GGG or GGL graphite has to increase.
  • the surface in the area of the intermetallic bond of the reinforcement part can either be completely or only in Partial areas - preferably in the area of the ring bearer Ring carrier back - by melting austenitic-ledeburitic be trained.
  • a ring carrier 1 with two ring grooves 2a and 2b for receiving One piston ring each has a ring carrier back 3 TIG remelting resulting austenitic-ledeburitic remelting zone 4 on.
  • the ring carrier material consists of GGL-NiCuCr 15 6 2 with approx.2.6% C, 2.1% Si, 1.2% Mn, 15% Ni, 1.5% Cr and 6% Cu, balance Fe.
  • This ring carrier is refined in an AlSi melt, in a mold is inserted and the Alfin layer has not yet solidified cast with the piston base material AlSil2CuNiMg.
  • intermetallic connection layer 7 compared to the previously known alfin layers has significantly increased bond strength.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bewehrungsteil, dessen Grundwerkstoff austenitisches Gußeisen ist und das intermetallisch mit einem Motorenteil aus einer Aluminiumbasis-Legierung, insbesondere einem Kolben verbunden ist. Gattungsgemäße Bewehrungsteile finden insbesondere als Ringträger, vereinzelt auch als Muldenrandschutz bei Aluminiumkolben für Diesel-Motoren Verwendung.The invention relates to a reinforcement part, the base material is austenitic cast iron and that is intermetallic with a motor part made of an aluminum-based alloy, in particular a piston is connected. Generic Reinforcement parts are used especially as ring girders, occasionally also as trough edge protection for aluminum pistons for diesel engines use.

Die Verbindung des - meist aus austenitischem GGL bestehenden - Bewehrungsteils mit dem Kolbenwerkstoff wird mit dem im Stand der Technik seit ca. 1950 bekannten Alfin-Verfahren hergestellt, indem das Bewehrungsteil vor dem Umgießen mit dem Kolbenwerkstoff in eine AlSi-Schmelze getaucht wird, wobei sich an der Oberfläche des Bewehrungsteils eine intermetallische Schicht ausbildet.The connection of the - mostly consisting of austenitic GGL - Reinforcement part with the piston material is with the Alfin process known in the prior art since approx. 1950 made by pouring the reinforcement part before overmolding with the piston material immersed in an AlSi melt is, with on the surface of the reinforcement part intermetallic layer.

Mit den bei Dieselmotoren in der Vergangenheit kontinuierlich gestiegenen Kolbenbelastungen zeigten sich die Festigkeitsgrenzen der bisher produzierten Alfin-Bindung, so daß eine höhere Bindungsfestigkeit gefordert wird.With those of diesel engines in the past continuously The strength limits were shown by increased piston loads of the alfin bond produced so far, so that a higher bond strength is required.

Es wurde daher in DE-OS 42 21 448 schon vorgeschlagen, als Bewehrungsmaterial austenitisches Gußeisen mit globularer oder vermicularer Graphitausbildung zu verwenden, wodurch im Vergleich mit dem üblichen GGL-Werkstoff mit lamellarer Graphitausbildung die Bindungsfestigkeit verbessert wird. It has therefore already been proposed in DE-OS 42 21 448 as Reinforcing material austenitic cast iron with globular or vermicular graphite formation, whereby compared to the usual GGL material with lamellar Graphite formation improves the bond strength.

Nachteil dieser Lösung ist die Abkehr von einem seit langem bewährten Ringträgerwerkstoff, die schlechtere Bearbeitbarkeit, niedrigere Wärmeleitfähigkeit und die etwas schlechtere Verschleißfestigkeit des GGG- verglichen mit dem GGL-Ringträgerwerkstoff. Außerdem ist der GGG-Werkstoff etwas teurer als der GGL-Werkstoff.The disadvantage of this solution is the move away from one for a long time proven ring carrier material, the poorer machinability, lower thermal conductivity and the slightly worse Wear resistance of the GGG compared to the GGL ring carrier material. The GGG material is also something more expensive than the GGL material.

Die Erfindung beschäftigt sich daher mit dem Problem, bei den gattungsgemäßen Bewehrungsteilen die Festigkeit und die Reproduzierbarkeit der intermetallischen Bindung unabhängig davon, ob der verwendete Grundwerkstoff eine GGG- oder GGL-Graphitausbildung aufweist, zu erhöhen.The invention is therefore concerned with the problem of the generic reinforcement parts the strength and Reproducibility of the intermetallic bond independent whether the base material used is GGG or GGL graphite has to increase.

Dieses Problem wird gelöst durch das kennzeichnende Merkmal des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This problem is solved by the characteristic feature of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are the subject of subclaims.

Unter einem austenitisch-ledeburitischen Gefüge ist hierbei ein - vorzugsweise durch Umschmelzen von austenitischem Gußeisen entstandenes - Gefüge zu verstehen, bei dem Austenit und Ledeburit nebeneinander vorliegen.Here is under an austenitic-ledeburitic structure a - preferably by remelting austenitic Cast iron - structure to understand, with austenite and Ledeburit coexist.

Bedingt durch das sehr feine austenitisch-ledeburitische Gefüge und die ebenfalls sehr feine, nichtlamellare Ausbildung des Graphits kann sich beim Tauchen des Bewehrungsteils in einem Schmelzbad auf Al-Basis eine störungsfreie intermetallische Schicht ausbilden. Erste Abreißversuche zeigen, daß die Zugfestigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Schicht - verglichen mit der aus DE-OS 42 21 448 bekannten intermetallischen Schicht bei globularer Graphitausbildung - nochmals um mindestens 30% erhöht werden konnte.Due to the very fine austenitic-ledeburitic Structure and the very fine, non-lamellar formation of graphite can occur when the reinforcement part is immersed in an Al-based weld pool is trouble-free Form intermetallic layer. First tear attempts show that the tensile strength of the layer according to the invention - Compared with the intermetallic known from DE-OS 42 21 448 Layer with globular graphite formation - again could be increased by at least 30%.

Die im Bereich der intermetallischen Bindung liegende Oberfläche des Bewehrungsteils kann entweder ganz oder nur in Teilbereichen - bei Ringträgern vorzugsweise im Bereich des Ringträgerrückens - durch Umschmelzen austenitisch-ledeburitisch ausgebildet sein.The surface in the area of the intermetallic bond of the reinforcement part can either be completely or only in Partial areas - preferably in the area of the ring bearer Ring carrier back - by melting austenitic-ledeburitic be trained.

Als Verfahren zum Umschmelzen des Bewehrungsmaterials kommen Laser-, Induktions- oder WIG-Umschmelzverfahren in Betracht.Come as a procedure for remelting the reinforcement material Laser, induction or TIG remelting processes into consideration.

Als weitere Möglichkeit der Herstellung von Bewehrungsteilen aus austenitischem Gußeisen mit austenitisch-ledeburitischer Oberfläche kommt Kokillen-Hartguß in Betracht. Bei Ringträgern entsteht dann allerdings das Problem, daß diese nicht mehr im Schleudergießverfahren hergestellt werden können und daß sie infolge der schlechten Bearbeitbarkeit des Ledeburits nicht wie üblich spanend aus Gußbuchsen herausgearbeitet werden können, sondern zusätzlich durch Trenn- und Formschleifen bearbeitet werden müssen oder einzeln abgegossen werden müssen.As a further possibility of producing reinforcement parts made of austenitic cast iron with austenitic-ledeburitic Chilled cast iron is suitable for the surface. At Ring bearers then, however, have the problem that these can no longer be produced by centrifugal casting can and that they are due to poor workability the Ledeburits not machined out of cast bushings as usual can be, but also by Cut-off and form grinding must be processed or individually have to be poured off.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von drei Schliffbildern dargestellt. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
einen Ringträger mit austenitisch-ledeburitisch umgeschmolzenem Ringträgerrücken im Querschliff
Fig. 2
die Gefügeausbildung im Bereich der intermetallischen Bindung
Fig. 3
den Übergang zwischen austenitischledeburitischer Umschmelzzone und dem austenitischem Grundwerkstoff mit Lamellengraphit.
The invention is illustrated below using three micrographs. It shows
Fig. 1
a ring carrier with austenitic-ledeburitic remelted ring carrier back in cross section
Fig. 2
the formation of structures in the field of intermetallic bonding
Fig. 3
the transition between the austenitic-ledeburitic remelting zone and the austenitic base material with lamellar graphite.

Ein Ringträger 1 mit zwei Ringnuten 2a und 2b zur Aufnahme je eines Kolbenrings weist am Ringträgerrücken 3 eine durch WIG-Umschmelzen entstandene austenitisch-ledeburitische Umschmelzzone 4 auf. Der Ringträgerwerkstoff besteht aus GGL-NiCuCr 15 6 2 mit ca. 2,6% C, 2,1% Si, 1,2% Mn, 15% Ni, 1,5% Cr und 6% Cu, Rest Fe.A ring carrier 1 with two ring grooves 2a and 2b for receiving One piston ring each has a ring carrier back 3 TIG remelting resulting austenitic-ledeburitic remelting zone 4 on. The ring carrier material consists of GGL-NiCuCr 15 6 2 with approx.2.6% C, 2.1% Si, 1.2% Mn, 15% Ni, 1.5% Cr and 6% Cu, balance Fe.

Dieser Ringträger wird in einer AlSi-Schmelze alfiniert, in eine Gießform eingelegt und bei noch nicht erstarrter Alfin-Schicht mit dem Kolbengrundwerkstoff AlSil2CuNiMg umgossen.This ring carrier is refined in an AlSi melt, in a mold is inserted and the Alfin layer has not yet solidified cast with the piston base material AlSil2CuNiMg.

Fig. 2 zeigt das Gefüge im Bereich der so entstandenen intermetallischen Bindung. In der umgeschmolzenen, austenitisch-ledeburitischen Zone 5 liegt noch fein verteilter, nichtlamellarer Restgraphit vor. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Umschmelzzone nur sehr schwach magnetisch ist, so daß von einem überwiegenden Anteil an Austenit und einem kleineren Anteil an Ledeburit auszugehen ist. Eine derartige Ausbildung der Umschmelzzone ist insofern günstig, als der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient der Umschmelzzone nur unwesentlich von dem des Grundwerkstoffs abweicht und insofern keine Spannungen zwischen Umschmelzzone und Grundwerkstoff auftreten.2 shows the structure in the area of the intermetallic thus formed Binding. In the remelted, austenitic-ledeburitic Zone 5 is even more finely divided, non-lamellar residual graphite. It has been shown that the remelting zone is only very weakly magnetic, so that of a predominant proportion of austenite and a smaller one Share in Ledeburit is assumed. Such Formation of the remelting zone is cheap in that the Thermal expansion coefficient of the remelting zone only insignificant deviates from that of the base material and in this respect none Tensions between the remelting zone and the base material occur.

An der Grenze zwischen Umschmelzzone 5 und Kolbengrundwerkstoff 6 liegt die intermetallische Verbindungsschicht 7, die verglichen mit den bisher bekannten Alfin-Schichten eine deutlich erhöhte Bindungsfestigkeit aufweist.At the border between remelting zone 5 and piston base material 6 is the intermetallic connection layer 7, compared to the previously known alfin layers has significantly increased bond strength.

Claims (7)

  1. Reinforcement part, the base material of which is austenitic cast iron and which is joined intermetallically to a motor part made of an aluminium-based alloy, in particular a piston, characterised in that the structure has an austenitic-ledeburitic construction at least on one face section (3) of the surface of the reinforcement part (1) lying in the region of the intermetallic bond.
  2. Reinforcement part according to Claim 1, characterised in that the structure has an austenitic-ledeburitic construction on the entire surface of the reinforcement part (1) lying in the region of the intermetallic bond.
  3. Reinforcement part according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the reinforcement part is a ring support (1) to receive a piston ring.
  4. Reinforcement part according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the reinforcement part is a trough edge protection means.
  5. Process for the production of a reinforcement part according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the austenitic-ledeburitic structure is achieved by remelting the austenitic base material by means of laser beams.
  6. Process for the production of a reinforcement part according to one of Claims 1-4, characterised in that the austenitic-ledeburitic structure is achieved by remelting the austenitic base material by inductive remelting.
  7. Process for the production of a reinforcement part according to one of Claims 1-4, characterised in that the austenitic-ledeburitic structure is achieved by TIG-remelting.
EP96945137A 1995-10-11 1996-09-20 Reinforcing component of which the basic material is austenitic cast iron Expired - Lifetime EP0854939B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19537848A DE19537848A1 (en) 1995-10-11 1995-10-11 Reinforcement part, the base material of which is austenitic cast iron
DE19537848 1995-10-11
PCT/DE1996/001809 WO1997013396A2 (en) 1995-10-11 1996-09-20 Reinforcing component of which the basic material is austenitic cast iron

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0854939A2 EP0854939A2 (en) 1998-07-29
EP0854939B1 true EP0854939B1 (en) 1999-04-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP96945137A Expired - Lifetime EP0854939B1 (en) 1995-10-11 1996-09-20 Reinforcing component of which the basic material is austenitic cast iron

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6063509A (en)
EP (1) EP0854939B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH11515055A (en)
BR (1) BR9611036A (en)
DE (2) DE19537848A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1997013396A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1997013396A2 (en) 1997-04-17
EP0854939A2 (en) 1998-07-29
DE19537848A1 (en) 1997-04-17
JPH11515055A (en) 1999-12-21
WO1997013396A3 (en) 1997-06-05
DE59601734D1 (en) 1999-05-27
BR9611036A (en) 1999-09-28
US6063509A (en) 2000-05-16

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